T19 Verbal Adjectives

Topic 19        Verbal Adjectives  (Qualitative Adjectives)

Note:

F2 and F4 can function as adjectives.  They are called Verbal Adjectives.

Verbal Adjectives  (predicative and attributive)

Ing-form / present participle / F2

-ed form/ past participle / F4

They both function as an adjective. 

F2 is used when it is introduced by [It is / was F2].   

F4 is used when the subject is the person / an animal. 

[S] verb-to-be / linking verb

They are words expressing attitudes / emotions / feelings/ sensations. 

Both F2 and F4 can be used before a noun.

Here is the list of words:

          F2                                                                            F4

      amazing                                                                     amazed        

      astonishing                                                                astonished

      comforting                                                                 comforted

      confusing                                                                   confused

      disappointing                                                             disappointed

      embarrassing                                                              embarrassed

      exciting                                                                     excited

      exhausting                                                                 exhausted

      frightening                                                                 frightened

      frustrating                                                                  frustrated

      impressing                                                                 impressed    

      interesting                                                                 interested

      inspiring                                                                    inspired       

      irritating                                                                    irritated

      perplexing                                                                  perplexed    

      puzzling                                                                     puzzled

      relaxing                                                                     relaxed

      satisfying                                                                   satisfied

      scaring                                                                      scared

      shocking                                                                    shocked

      stunning                                                                     stunned

      surprising                                                                   surprised

      threatening                                                                threatened

      thrilling                                                                     thrilled

      tiring                                                                         tired

      worrying                                                                    worried

[It] is / was F2 ……………………………………………                                                 42

1.  [It] is worrying [to see so much pollution in our environment].

     = [To see so much pollution in our environment] is worrying.

2.  [It] is embarrassing [to slip and fall in front of so many people].

     [To slip and fall in front of so many people] is embarrassing.

3.  [It] was disappointing to many of us [to have lost the game].

     [To have lost the game ] was disappointing to many of us.

[Person] verb-to-be / linking verbs   F4

1.  [I] am worried to see so much pollution in our environment.

2.  [I] am worried about how to complete my assignment in time.

3.  [Jean] felt exhausted after the long hours of work for so many days.

F2 / F4 can be placed before a person / animal to modify it.

1.  [The frightened boy] cried loudly for his mother.

2.  [The injured dog] was brought to the vet for some treatment.

3.  [Tina] did not know what to do with (the crying boy).

4.  She needs (some boiled water) hot enough to make (milo drink).